To address the dearth of knowledge about person-based and trip-level exposure, we developed the Icarus model. Icarus uses mesoscale traffic model—activity-based model—to analyze the heat exposure of regions of interest at an individual level. The goal with Icarus was to design accurate, granular models of population and temperature behavior for a target region, which could be transformed into a heat exposure model by means of simulation and spatial-temporal joining. By combining and implementing the most robust software and data available, Icarus was able to capture person-based exposure with unparalleled detail. Here we describe the model methodology. We use the metropolitan region of Phoenix, Arizona, USA to carry out a case study using Icarus.

Few studies have compared the psychometric properties of a Spanish language Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) (Johns, 1992) for use with Mexican Americans and Mexicans in bi-national studies of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS)

This work examines the psychometrics of the Spanish-translated ESS for use with these populations in clinical sleep and sleep research milieus